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烧录相关常见问题

SPI NOR 烧录出现 GUID Partition Table Header signature is wrong​

日志：

[1130]fes begin commit:25ecf28f19-dirty
[1134]set pll start
[1136]set pll end
[1138]board init ok: use hosc 40M
[1141]beign to init dram
[1146]DRAM use internal ZQ!!
[1148]ZQ value = 0x2f
[1151][AUTO DEBUG] single rank and full DQ!
[1156][AUTO DEBUG] rank 0 row = 13
[1159][AUTO DEBUG] rank 0 bank = 4
[1162][AUTO DEBUG] rank 0 page size = 2 KB
[1166]DRAM BOOT DRIVE INFO: V1.00
[1169]DRAM CLK = 520 MHz
[1171]DRAM Type = 2 (2:DDR2,3:DDR3)
[1175]DRAMC read ODT off.
[1177]DRAM ODT off.
[1179]trefi: 7.8us
[1181]DRAM Size = 64 MB
[1194]DRAM simple test OK.
[1196]init dram ok


U-Boot 2018.07-g0021c54eea (Feb 14 2025 - 06:12:39 +0000) Allwinner Technology

[02.924]DRAM:  64 MiB
[02.962]Relocation Offset is: 01f29000, reloc addr is: 83f29000
[03.191]secure enable bit: 0
[03.204]CPU=614 MHz,PERI=3072 Mhz,AHB=192 Mhz, APB=96Mhz
[03.212]sunxi flash map init
SPI ALL:   ready
[03.364]init_clocks:finish
[03.366]flash init start
[03.369]workmode = 16,storage type = 0
sunxi_get_spif_mode()227 - get dtr_mode_enable fail -13
sunxi_get_spif_mode()236 - get io_mode_enable fail -13
[03.827]spif sunxi_slave->max_hz:100000000
[04.350]spif update delay param error
[04.354]Sample mode:0 start:0 end:0 right_sample_delay:0xaaaaffff
SF: Detected XM25QH128C( ) with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 64 KiB, total 16 MiB
[04.565]Loading Environment from SUNXI_FLASH... OK
[04.591]try to burn key
[04.598]out of usb burn from boot: not boot mode
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
sunxi work mode=0x10
run usb efex
delay time 2500
usb init ok
set address 0x14
set address 0x14 ok
SUNXI_EFEX_ERASE_TAG
erase_flag = 0x0
origin_erase_flag = 0x1
FEX_CMD_fes_verify_status
FEX_CMD_fes_verify last err=0
the 0 mbr table is ok
*************MBR DUMP***************
total mbr part 6

part[0] name      :env
part[0] classname :DISK
part[0] addrlo    :0x20
part[0] lenlo     :0x80
part[0] user_type :32768
part[0] keydata   :0
part[0] ro        :0

part[1] name      :boot
part[1] classname :DISK
part[1] addrlo    :0xa0
part[1] lenlo     :0x1280
part[1] user_type :32768
part[1] keydata   :0
part[1] ro        :0

part[2] name      :riscv0
part[2] classname :DISK
part[2] addrlo    :0x1320
part[2] lenlo     :0x480
part[2] user_type :32768
part[2] keydata   :0
part[2] ro        :0

part[3] name      :rootfs
part[3] classname :DISK
part[3] addrlo    :0x17a0
part[3] lenlo     :0x1900
part[3] user_type :32768
part[3] keydata   :0
part[3] ro        :0

part[4] name      :rootfs_data
part[4] classname :DISK
part[4] addrlo    :0x30a0
part[4] lenlo     :0x280
part[4] user_type :32768
part[4] keydata   :0
part[4] ro        :0

part[5] name      :UDISK
part[5] classname :DISK
part[5] addrlo    :0x3320
part[5] lenlo     :0x0
part[5] user_type :0
part[5] keydata   :0
part[5] ro        :0

common1(partition3) need it, here is a weak func
total part: 7
mbr 0, 20, 8000
env 1, 80, 8000
boot 2, 1280, 8000
riscv0 3, 480, 8000
rootfs 4, 1900, 8000
rootfs_data 5, 280, 8000
UDISK 6, 0, 0
need erase flash: 0
[07.864]get secure storage map err
secure storage init err
no part need to protect user data
SUNXI_EFEX_MBR_TAG
mbr size = 0x4000
SF: write offset not multiple of erase size
write primary GPT success
spinor: skip backup GPT
[08.022]update partition map
GUID Partition Table Header signature is wrong: 0xCCEDDDCCCDDEECDC != 0x5452415020494645
part_get_info_efi: *** ERROR: Invalid GPT ***
ERROR: attempting read past flash size
*** ERROR: Can't read GPT header ***
part_get_info_efi: *** ERROR: Invalid Backup GPT ***
FEX_CMD_fes_verify_status
FEX_CMD_fes_verify last err=0
FEX_CMD_fes_verify_value, start 0x20, size high 0x0:low 0x10000
FEX_CMD_fes_verify_value 0x66662a00

问题原因：

根据以下两条打印可以看出是 SPIF 采样点获取失败

[04.350]spif update delay param error
[04.354]Sample mode:0 start:0 end:0 right_sample_delay:0xaaaaffff

一般 SPIF 采样失败可能的问题有：

  • 主控或 SPI NOR 芯片虚焊
  • SPI NOR 省引脚需要用单线或者双线模式，目前SDK默认四线
  • SPI NOR 物料损坏
  • 走线导致信号质量差

解决方法：

  1. 检查芯片焊接情况，包括主控和 SPI NOR 存储器，测量供电与纹波是否正常且符合要求。
  2. 尝试 依次 配置 [①关闭 DTR 模式]、[②降频]、[③配置双线 或 单线模式]。方法如下：

编译平台对应的 uboot-board.dts ，默认配置如下：

&spif {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_a &spif_pins_b>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_c>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	/*spi-supply = <&reg_dcdc1>;*/
	status = "disabled";

	spif-nor {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spi-nor";
		spif-max-frequency = <100000000>;
		m25p,fast-read = <1>;
		/*individual_lock;*/
		reg = <0x0>;
		spif-rx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		spif-tx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		dtr_mode_enabled=<1>;	/* choose double edge trigger mode */
		io_mode_enabled=<1>;	/* 1_x_x && x_x_x mode */
		status="disabled";
	};
};

关闭 DTR 模式，注释配置即可

/* dtr_mode_enabled=<1>; */
/* io_mode_enabled=<1>; */

如下

&spif {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_a &spif_pins_b>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_c>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	/*spi-supply = <&reg_dcdc1>;*/
	status = "disabled";

	spif-nor {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spi-nor";
		spif-max-frequency = <100000000>;
		m25p,fast-read = <1>;
		/*individual_lock;*/
		reg = <0x0>;
		spif-rx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		spif-tx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		/* dtr_mode_enabled=<1>; */
		/* io_mode_enabled=<1>; */
		status="disabled";
	};
};

降低 SPI 通讯频率，将 clock-frequency 减半

&spif {
	clock-frequency = <50000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_a &spif_pins_b>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_c>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	/*spi-supply = <&reg_dcdc1>;*/
	status = "disabled";

	spif-nor {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spi-nor";
		spif-max-frequency = <50000000>;
		m25p,fast-read = <1>;
		/*individual_lock;*/
		reg = <0x0>;
		spif-rx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		spif-tx-bus-width=<0x04>;
		dtr_mode_enabled=<1>;
		io_mode_enabled=<1>;
		status="disabled";
	};
};

将 4 线模式改为 2 线或 1 线模式，修改 spif-rx-bus-width 和 spif-tx-bus-width，这里修改 1 线模式：

&spif {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_a &spif_pins_b>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_c>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	/*spi-supply = <&reg_dcdc1>;*/
	status = "disabled";

	spif-nor {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spi-nor";
		spif-max-frequency = <100000000>;
		m25p,fast-read = <1>;
		/*individual_lock;*/
		reg = <0x0>;
		spif-rx-bus-width=<0x01>;
		spif-tx-bus-width=<0x01>;
		dtr_mode_enabled=<1>;
		io_mode_enabled=<1>;
		status="disabled";
	};
};

内核设备树 board.dts 配置如下，默认配置为：

&spif0 {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_default &spif_pins_cs>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_sleep>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	spif-rx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	spif-tx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	//prefetch_read_mode_enabled;	/* choose prefect read mode */
	//dqs_mode_enabled;				/* choose dqs mode(nand provide clk mode) */
	dtr_mode_enabled;				/* choose double edge trigger mode */
	io_mode_enabled;				/* 1_x_x && x_x_x mode */
	status = "okay";

	spif-nor  {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spif-nor";
		spi-max-frequency = <0x5f5e100>;
		reg = <0x0>;
		status = "disabled";
	};
};

关闭 DTR 模式，注释 dtr_mode_enabled 和 io_mode_enabled

&spif0 {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_default &spif_pins_cs>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_sleep>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	spif-rx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	spif-tx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	//prefetch_read_mode_enabled;	/* choose prefect read mode */
	//dqs_mode_enabled;				/* choose dqs mode(nand provide clk mode) */
	//dtr_mode_enabled;				/* choose double edge trigger mode */
	//io_mode_enabled;				/* 1_x_x && x_x_x mode */
	status = "okay";

	spif-nor  {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spif-nor";
		spi-max-frequency = <0x5f5e100>;
		reg = <0x0>;
		status = "disabled";
	};
};

降低 SPI 通讯频率，将 clock-frequency 减半

&spif0 {
	clock-frequency = <50000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_default &spif_pins_cs>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_sleep>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	spif-rx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	spif-tx-bus-width = <0x4>;
	//prefetch_read_mode_enabled;	/* choose prefect read mode */
	//dqs_mode_enabled;				/* choose dqs mode(nand provide clk mode) */
	dtr_mode_enabled;				/* choose double edge trigger mode */
	io_mode_enabled;				/* 1_x_x && x_x_x mode */
	status = "okay";

	spif-nor  {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spif-nor";
		spi-max-frequency = <50000000>;
		reg = <0x0>;
		status = "disabled";
	};
};

将 4 线模式改为 2 线或 1 线模式，修改 spif-rx-bus-width 和 spif-tx-bus-width，这里修改 1 线模式：

&spif0 {
	clock-frequency = <100000000>;
	pinctrl-0 = <&spif_pins_default &spif_pins_cs>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&spif_pins_sleep>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	spif-rx-bus-width = <0x1>;
	spif-tx-bus-width = <0x1>;
	//prefetch_read_mode_enabled;	/* choose prefect read mode */
	//dqs_mode_enabled;				/* choose dqs mode(nand provide clk mode) */
	dtr_mode_enabled;				/* choose double edge trigger mode */
	io_mode_enabled;				/* 1_x_x && x_x_x mode */
	status = "okay";

	spif-nor  {
		device_type = "spi_board0";
		compatible = "spif-nor";
		spi-max-frequency = <100000000>;
		reg = <0x0>;
		status = "disabled";
	};
};

如果还是无法烧录，可以组合上面的方法，配置 [关闭 DTR 模式] + [降频 10M] + [单线模式] 的最小模式测试。如果还是无法烧录请检查硬件。